-| Introduction | -
Lord
Buddha, who professed the Buddhist religion some 2,5,00 years ago to the world,
gave an expression of Four Noble Truths or Chaturani – Arya, Satyam –
Dukha or suffering
Samudaya or the cause of suffering
Nirodha or the removal of cause.
Marg or the way of leading to the removal of cause.
The Master has suggested middle path for the liberation from the chain of rebirth
and the end of every thing “Nirvana”.
The earliest Buddhist monuments cropped up in what is known today as Uttar Pradesh
& Bihar with the bordering districts in the Nepalese Tarai , which witnessed
the drama of the Master’s life and activities for the propagation of the
Buddhist religion. The life of Lord Buddha itself had a great bearing on the
origin of Buddhist edifices - monasteries to provide shelter to Buddha and his
homeless disciples during the rainy season.
The places associated with Buddha were many and some of them gained a great
renowned in subsequent days as leading centers of Buddhist with the passage
of time. Buddhism overstepped the boundaries of Madhya Desha, it cradle land
in the extension of the geographical horizon of which, Ashoka the great Mauryan
kind of 3rd century BC. Took a Leading role for spread to the Srilanka.
After the fall of Mauryan north west India was subjected to success waves of
foreign invasions of diverse nationalities. Two foreign Buddhist ruler extended
patronage to the Buddhist religion between 2nd century BC to 1st century AD
till the end of 4th century AD in the north western part of the Indo Pakistan
subcontinent . The fourth century AD saw the establishment of Gupta empire but
Buddhism also flourished equally up to 6th century AD. In the 7 th century AD
Buddhism found supporter in emperor HarshVadhan reign 600 AD at Kannuaj. The
Palas (8th century to 12th AD) of eastern India, The Chandra's (10th to 12th
AD) of eastern Bangal and the Bhaumas (9th to 10th century AD) of Orissa were
devout Buddhist and under their active patronage a number of new Buddhist culture
centers sprang up from the 12th century AD onwards. There was a marked decline
in the Buddhist faith. By the close of their country almost all important centers
of northern, western and centered India was affected by Muslim invasions and
then began a period of rapid decline. The only parts of India and Pakistan where
the faith was survived amidst small sections of the population are Chittagong
in (Bangladesh) and it's neighborhood bordering Burma (Myamar) Darjeeling Bordering
Nepal and Ladhak (J&K) and adjoining hills region bordering Tibet.
The ancient names of these establishment were forgotten though a number of such
sites have been identified thru preserving efforts of archaeologists and still
there are many awaiting spade of the archaeologist and their documentation.
The sites of several establishment of Buddhism which survive in literature have
been also identified as follows
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